What caused the rise of national monarchies in England or France or Russia?

Write a 3-4 page essay answering the following questions with references from the textbook while demonstrating historical analysis. The topics do not have to necessarily have to relate to each other. 3. What caused the rise of national monarchies in England or France or Russia? 4. What was the condition and role of religion and the Church during the period under consideration (think about Avignon papacy, the rise of piety, etc.)? do not use any other sources other than chapters 10 and 11 in the book. to access: https://reader.brytewave.com/app/index.html#/login username: MPATELLA90 password: jaimi0629