How did laws that were passed in the U.S. from 1790-1924 about immigration, naturalization and citizenship rights undermine the American ideals of “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness” for men and women of different classes and races?
Choose one question to answer from the options provided below.
The essay must be word-processed, double-spaced, paginated.
You must have a separate title page on which you include your name, date, essay title, question/prompt number, your section and instructor’s name, and the word count for your essay. The title page and works cited page text do NOT count towards the word count.
In your essay, you must use specific and substantive examples from at least three (3) articles or books on the course syllabus (through paraphrasing, quotes, etc.). In addition, you may also incorporate examples from films/documentaries and class lectures in your essay. Film transcripts do not count as readings. All materials should be properly cited according to MLA in-text citation standards.
Your essay must have a thesis statement and be organized thematically, not by readings.
Use the MLA Style Sheet in citing the sources that you use in your essay, both in the body of the essay and in your list of citations at the end.
The Essay Choices:
How did laws that were passed in the U.S. from 1790-1924 about immigration, naturalization and citizenship rights undermine the American ideals of “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness” for men and women of different classes and races?
What did construction worker Tim Walsh mean when he asked sociologist Lillian Rubin “Is this a white country or what?” How have generations of Americans perceived and responded to new waves of immigrants? Make sure to discuss how ideas about race – social, legal and scientific – shaped many Americans’ reactions to newcomers both before and after the 1965 Hart-Celler Immigration Act?
The Circuit ends with a heartbreaking juxtaposition of Panchito’s (Jimenez’s) determination to memorize the Declaration of Independence with the arrival in his classroom of an immigration official. By this time in the story, in what ways do you think Panchito felt that he had become American? In what ways hadn’t he? Use additional readings and documentaries to discuss how his story relates to the legal and cultural definition of American identity more broadly and the struggles of other immigrants to become American.
“Why Become a Citizen?” (http://www.visalaw.com/why-become-a-citizen/)
US Citizen and Immigration Services, “Chapter 2, What Are the Benefits and Responsibilities for Citizenship?” (from the book, Guide to Naturalization, 2012) http://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/files/article/chapter2.pdf
1790 Naturalization Act:
http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg103.pdf
John L. O’Sullivan on Manifest Destiny (the man who coined the term) 1839 https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/osulliva.htm;
Corinne T. Field, “ARE WOMEN … ALL MINORS?”: Woman’s Rights and the Politics of Aging in the Antebellum United States,” Journal of Women’s History 12.4 (Winter 2001): 113-137 and Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, Declaration of Sentiments, Seneca Falls Convention, 1848 (http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/senecafalls.asp )
Mary C. Waters, “Immigration, Intermarriage, and the Challenges of Measuring Racial/Ethnic Identities,” American Journal of Public Health Vol. 90, NO. 11 (November 2000): 1735-1737. (http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdfplus/10.2105/AJPH.90.11.1735 )
also you have this article
What Does It Mean To Be An American?
07/04/2012 10:14 am ET | Updated Sep 03, 2012
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jose-antonio-vargas/jose-antonio-vargas-meaning-of-american_b_1647894.html
Bill O’Reilly 2014 (7 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsyFHeDmKBo
Jose Antonio Vargas, Founder, Define American
Today’s Fourth of July holiday, our country’s birthday, marks a new beginning for undocumented Americans like me.
Last month, TIME magazine featured an unprecedented photograph of 36 undocumented young people, myself included, on the cover of its U.S. and international editions. “We are Americans,” the headline declared. “Just not legally.” Shortly after, President Obama, in the most significant step in the fight for immigrant rights since President Reagan signed the Immigration Reform and Control Act in 1986, issued a directive to stop the deportation of an estimated 1 million DREAM Act-eligible undocumented youth and welcome them to our workforce. America, in turn, embraced 1 million dreams. And in last week’s Supreme Court decision on Arizona’s immigration law, Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion for the highest court in the land: “As a general rule, it is not a crime for a movable alien to remain in the United States.”
As we celebrate America’s Independence Day — as we explore what it means to be American on the most American of all days — I also celebrate my independence from the word “illegal.”
Academics and lawyers will be quick to point out that I, in fact, was never a “criminal.” Being in the U.S. without authorization is not a crime, but rather a civil offense for the country’s estimated 12 million undocumented residents. Yet for too long, the rhetoric around immigration has been shrouded in and synonymous with criminality. As a cable news producer on Aaron Sorkin’s “The Newsroom” tells a colleague in the show’s most recent episode, we’ve grown accustomed to talking about human beings as if “we’re talking about scraping gum off our shoes.”
“These people chose to take a huge risk to become Americans,” the producer notes, “and they deserve a better descriptor than ‘illegals.'”
To me, what it means to be an American goes beyond your place of birth or the documents you have, back to when throngs of Irish, Italian and Eastern Europeans crossed the Atlantic Ocean in search of a better life, no papers asked. What it means to be an American is less about who you are than what you are about– how you live your life, how you contribute to this country, how you pledge allegiance to a flag hoping and praying it will make room for you. What it means to be an American is in the hearts of the people who, in their struggles and heartaches, in their joys and triumphs, fight for America and fight to be American every day.
A few weeks after I “came out” in June 2011 about my undocumented status in an essay in the New York Times Magazine, Washington state revoked my driver’s license. Among the first people to reach out to me was Aaron Sorkin. I’ve interviewed Sorkin before. He told me he was working on a new show about a cable news program, and that the second episode is set on the day Gov. Jan Brewer signed the Arizona immigration bill into law. He asked for my thoughts on immigration. In an email later, I told him about the first time I watched one of his films. It was 1997, not too long after I discovered that I didn’t have the proper documents to live in America. I was watching “The American President,” a movie starring Michael Douglas, and toward the end of the film, Douglas, as the president, says: “America isn’t easy. America is advanced citizenship. You gotta want it bad, ’cause it’s gonna put up a fight.” I was 16, lost and disoriented, and I told Sorkin that hearing those words helped me realize that I had to fight — that America was a fight and that America had to be earned.
Undocumented Americans, aspiring citizens like me, have been fighting and will continue to fight for this country we call home. And, as more and more undocumented Americans and the people who support us — the Good Samaritans in our lives, the teachers, pastors, neighbors and friends who make up our underground railroad — “come out” and tell our stories, America’s view of immigration and the nature of citizenship itself grows increasingly more complex and nuanced. It becomes about human beings.
Together with a small group of friends, I founded a campaign called Define American, which seeks to elevate conversation on immigration. And elevating and broadening the conversation means engaging different types of audiences from all walks of life. After appearing on “The O’Reilly Factor” last month, I received an email from Dennis Murphy of Omaha, Nebraska. The email reads:
“Mr. Vargas:
As founder and former state chairman of the Nebraska Minutemen, now merged with the Nebraska Tea Party, I was positively impressed by your interview with Bill O’Reilly. If I understand your situation correctly, you [were] brought into the United States by your parents when you were a young child, and they chose for whatever reason to do so in a fashion that avoided our immigration law. You now refer to yourself in your blog as “an undocumented American,” which I believe is a fair and accurate assessment.”
Thank you, Mr. Murphy, for considering me one of your fellow Americans. Let’s keep the conversation going. Let’s keep exploring what it means to be an American.
—–
Francisco Jimenez, The Circuit, ( whole book)
you can find the summary in here
http://www.shmoop.com/the-circuit/chapter-1-summary.html
