Compare and contrast the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires. How and why were these empires successful? How did they create allegiance among soldiers and civilians? How were these empires different from earlier Islamic caliphates?

Please write an approximately 5 page essay on this following topic. Be sure to provide citations
anytime you use the idea of another author (not just for quotations). The purpose of this assignment is
to help us synthesize ideas found in the assigned readings (Armstrong and/or Marks). You may use
outside sources if they are from the library or library website (for example journal articles from JSTOR).
Please do not use websites that are not found from the library menus. You may use Wikipedia to find
more academic sources, but please beware that Wikipedia is not fact checked. Use of outside sources
is not required; the main idea here is to help us study the assigned readings. That said, you may use
other sources if you so choose, but they must meet the requirements mentioned above..

sources : Karen Armstrong, Islam: A Short History (New York, Modern Library, 2002). ISBN 978-
0-8129-6618-3 (Paperback edition)
Robert Marks. The Origins of the Modern World. 3rd ed. (Lanham, Maryland: Rowman
& Little, 2015) ISBN 978-1-4422-1240-4

you\’ll find most info about those empires in pages 115-38 (armstrong) but please make sure you skim through BOTH books as much as you can, for Marks, you can skim read up to page 40. As for Armstrong you may skim up to page 114 and foucs on 115-138.

essay = To Compare and contrast the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires. How and why were these
empires successful? How did they create allegiance among soldiers and civilians? How were
these empires different from earlier Islamic caliphates?